A SYSTEMATIC CLASSIFICATION OF METEORITES
PART I

(NC and CC taxonomic super-groups not distinguished)

EH GROUP

EH3 (e.g. Sah 97096 [EHa3.1–3.4], MAC 88136 [ELa3.8/3.9], Hadley Rille [IM], Qingzhen [EHa])

EH4 (e.g. Bethune, Indarch [EHa])

EH5 (e.g. Kaidun-III, LEW 88180 [EHb], QUE 93372 [EHa], St. Mark's [EHa], Saint-Sauveur [EHb5/IMB])

EH6 (e.g. MIL 090846, NWA 6363, NWA 7976, NWA 12945, NWA 13632, Y-980211 [EHb6/IMB], Y-980223 [EHb6/IMB])

EH7 (e.g. QUE 94204)

EH impact melt phase (e.g. Abee [EHbIMB], Adhi Kot [EHbIMB], Galim (b) [IMB], LAP 02225 [IM], NWA 4799 [EHaIM], NWA 7214 [EHaIM], NWA 7324 [MR], NWA 7809 [EHaIM], NWA 10237 [MR], NWA 11071 [EHaIM], Y-82189 [IM], Y-8404 and pairs [EHbIMB/MR], Y-86760 [IM])

EL GROUP

EL3 (e.g. AhS MS-MU-002 [ELb3/4], AhS MS-177, Kaidun IV, MAC 88136 and pairs [ELa], NWA 305, NWA 3132, NWA 8785 [highest matrix abundance], PCA 91020, QUE 93351)

EL4 (e.g. DaG 734 [ELa], DaG 1031, FRO 03005, Grein 002 [4/5], HaH 317, QUE 94368)

EL5 (e.g. Adrar Bous, NWA 1222, Tanezrouft 031, TIL 91714 [ELa])

EL6 (e.g. Atlanta [ELa], Eagle, Forrest 033, Hvittis [ELa], LEW 87119, NWA 974, Pillistfer [ELa], Yilmia [ELa]

EL7/impact-melt phase (e.g. Baqiangzi, Happy Canyon [MR], Ilafegh 009 [ELa7/MR], NWA 2965 and pairs [3/6 IMR], Y-980524 [IMB])

UNGROUPED E CHONDRITES

E-ung (e.g. LAP 031220 [4], LEW 87223 [L3-anom; abs], NWA 2526 [7], PCA 91020 [3-anom; aff to LEW 87223], QUE 94204 [7], Y-793225 [6-anom; Rubin and Wasson, 2011])

G3 (e.g. GRO 95551, NWA 5492, Sierra Gorda 009)

K3 (e.g. Kakangari [3.6], Lea County 002, LEW 87232)

K4 (e.g. NWA 10085)

F3–6 (e.g. Acfer 370 [4], ALHA78113 inclusions, Cumberland Falls inclusions [3, 4, 6], El Médano 301 [4; photo], NWA 7135 [3/4])

ORDINARY (O) CHONDRITES

H GROUP

H3.0–3.9 (e.g. Roosevelt Co. 075 [3.1], ERO 93050 [3.2], WSG 95300 [3.3], DaG 475 [3.4], LEW 88315 [3.5], Clovis no. 1 [3.6], Grady (1937) [3.7], Lost Creek [3.8], DaG 225 [3.9], Abbott [3–6])

H4 (e.g. Correo, Eustis, Selma)

H5 (e.g. Bonita Springs, Juancheng, Monahans (1998), NWA 2488, Sah 98034)

H6 (e.g. Peekskill)

H7 [or Meta-H] (e.g. ALH 88119, NWA 2898, Y-75008, Y-790120, Y-790960)

H melt phase (e.g. DaG 896 [IM], Dho 010 [IMB], Gao-Guenie [IMB], GSS 020 [MR], Portales Valley [IMB], NWA 2058 [MR], Smyer [IMB])

TRANSITIONAL H/L (HL; Pourkhorsandi et al., 2022)

H/L3 (e.g. El Médano 195, MET 00526 [3.05], Tieschitz [3.6], Bremervörde [3.7], Famenin [3.4/3.8], NWA 1955 [3–4])

H/L4 (e.g. Cali, Haxtun)

H/L5 (e.g. Dhofar 428, LAP 031047, NWA 3330)

H/L6 (e.g. DaG 591, NWA 4152 and pairs, San Juan 041, SaU 324)

L GROUP

L3.0–3.9 (e.g. NWA 7731 [3.00], NWA 8276 [3.00], LEW 86134 [3.0], JaH 026 [3.1], NWA 2798 [3.2], Dho 008 [3.2/3.3], ALH 83010 [3.3], EET 96015 [3.4], Felt (b) [3.5], Moorabie [3.5–3.8; low-FeO], MET 96503 [3.6], NWA 092 [3.7], NWA 2797 [3.8], Sah 97193 [3.9])

L4 (e.g. Bluff (b), Knyahinya, Okechobee)

L5 (e.g. Beenham, Mt. Tazerzait [anom], Park Forest)

L6 (e.g. Brewster, Bruderheim, Seagraves (c) [6/7])

L7 [or Meta-L] (e.g. Dho 1275, Forrest 028, FRO 90058 and pairings, Katol, LEW 88663, NWA 12961)

L melt phase (e.g. Cat Mountain [IMB], NWA 722, NWA 2085, NWA 4150 [IMR], NWA 4284 [IMR], NWA 6486 [IMR], NWA 11042 [IMR; abs 1, 2, article 1, 2; cut face photo courtesy of Abdelhadi Aithiba], PAT 91501 [IMR], Shaw)

TRANSITIONAL L/LL

L/LL3 (e.g. Inman [3.4], NWA 487 [<3.5], SaU 089 [3.6/3.7], Esperance [3], NWA 4020 [3])

L/LL4 (e.g. Bjurböle, Cynthiana, Seemore Downs)

L/LL5 (e.g. Chelyabinsk, Qidong, Sah 97021 [5/6])

L/LL6 (e.g. Acfer 041, Holbrook, Naryilco)

LL GROUP

LL3.00–3.9 (e.g. NWA 8576 [LL3.00], NWA 10061 [LL3.00], Semarkona [3.01], MET 00526 [3.05], NWA 1756 [3.10], NWA 3127 [3.10, metal-poor], NWA 4290 [3.10], Bishunpur [3.15], Y-74660 [3.15], Krymka [3.2], Wells [3.3], Ragland [3.4], NWA 539 [3.5], NWA 094 [3.6], Parnallee [3.7], DaG 054 [3.8], DaG 180 [3.9])

LL4 (e.g. DaG 298, Greenwell Springs, Soko Banja)

LL5 (e.g. DaG 222 [5–6], NWA 1584, Paragould, Tuxtuac)

LL6 (e.g. Beeler, Ensisheim, NWA 2092 [6/7])

LL7 [or Meta-LL] (e.g. Crocker's Well, Dho 011, Dho 014, NWA 503, NWA 6990, NWA 8417, NWA 12272 ["chondrules... dimly visible"], EET 92013, Sah 97037, Uden, Y-82067)

LL melt phase (e.g. Bison [IMB], NWA 1701 [IMB], Y-74160 [IMB; article])

RUMURUTI (R) CHONDRITES

R3 (e.g. LAP 03639 [3.4–4], DaG 013 [3.5–6], NWA 11436 [3–6{7}], NWA 755 [3.7], Carlisle Lakes [3.8], NWA 978 [3.8], Acfer 217 [3.8–5], Rumuruti [3.8–6], NWA 753 [3.9])

R4 (e.g. HaH 119, NWA 053, NWA 1906, Sierra Gorda 010 [anom; w/Cr-magnetite])

R5 (e.g. LAP 031275, NWA 1585, NWA 1668, NWA 7514)

R6 (e.g. MIL 07440, MIL 11207, NWA 5299, NWA 8012, Y-980159)

CVred (Reduced Group)

CVred, e.g. Arch [3.0], Efremovka [3.1–3.4], Leoville [3.1–3.4], Vigarano [3.1–3.4], DaG 055 [anom], DaG 430 [anom], NWA 1465 [anom], NWA 8613, RBT 04133, RBT 04143 clast [melt phase], MIL 07513)

CVox (Oxidized Group, 2 metamorphic subgroups)

1. CVoxA (Oxidized-Allende subgroup, e.g. NWA 1763 [3.5], Allende [>3.6], Axtell [>3.6], LAR 06317 clast [melt phase])

2. CVoxB (Oxidized-Bali subgroup, e.g. Kaba [3.1], NWA 2086 [~3.3], Grosnaja [~3.6], Mokoia [~3.6], Bali [>3.6], NWA 13575 [3]) subgroup not yet determined (e.g. Khatyrka [w/ quasicrystalline icosahedrite; photo courtesy M. M. M. Meier et al., 2018], NWA 3133 and pairs [CV7/Meta-CV {CV8}], NWA 7891 [anom], NWA 8418 [CV4; abs 1, 2], NWA 10588 [CV3.7-anom; abs])

CK

CK3, e.g. Ningqiang [3.3], NWA 1559 [3.6/3.7], NWA 5343 [3.6/3.7], DaG 431 [3.8], NWA 2921 [3.8], Camel Donga 003 [3], Hart [3], NWA 772 [3], NWA 1694 [3], Watson 002 [3])

CK4 (e.g. DAG 275 [4/5], Dho 015, HaH 280/281, Karoonda, Kobe, Maralinga, NWA 521, NWA 735, NWA 4422, Y-6903)

CK5 (e.g. DaG 412, EET 87507 and pairs, NWA 060, NWA 1563, NWA 1907)

CK6 (e.g. LEW 87009, NWA 2388)

CK7 [or Meta-CK] (e.g. NWA 8186 [CK8 {photo courtesy of Steve Witt; abs 1, 2}])

CL3.9 (e.g. LoV 051, NWA 13400)

CL4 (e.g. Coolidge, Loongana 001, NWA 033)

CT2 (e.g. NWA 11699, NWA 13167, NWA 13249, NWA 13456, NWA 13479, Sarir Tazirbu 001, Qued Mya 002)

CT3 (e.g. Telakoast 001 [C3; poss pairs NWA 14139, NWA 14179; photo courtesy B. Hoefnagels; abs], Cimarron, Chwichiya 002 [3.00; poss pairs Chwichiya 003, NWA 12957, NWA 13455], NWA 5377, NWA 6862, NWA 8781, NWA 11086, NWA 12416, NWA 13053 [abs], NWA 13671 [poss pair NWA 13984; abs], NWA 14051, NWA 14052, NWA 14200)

CZ3 (e.g. NWA 11024, NWA 11254, NWA 11346 [abs], NWA 11750 [3.00; photo credit Christophe Picq in EOM])

CM

CM1 see revised hydrothermal alteration sequence (CM2.0–CM2.8) below (after Rubin et al., 2005, 2007; Blanchard et al., 2011; Bischoff et al., 2017; Lentfort et al., 2019):

CM2 (e.g. ALH 84034 [2.0; =CM1], EET 83334 [2.0; =CM1], Kaidun clasts [2.0; =CM1], LAP 02277 [2.0; =CM1], MET 01070 [2.0; =CM1], Moapa Valley [2.0; =CM1], NWA 4765 [2.0; =CM1], Mukundpura [2.0; =CM1; article 1, 2], Sutter's Mill [2.0/2.1], Nogoya [2.0–2.6], ALH 85013 [2.0–2.8], Cold Bokkeveld [2.0–2.8], ALH 83100 [2.1], QUE 93005 [2.1], Kolang [2.2; =CM1/2], MET 00639 [2.2], Shidian [2.2], Aguas Zarcas [2.2–2.4], QUE 99355 [2.3], TIL 08007 [2.3], NWA 10907 [2.3–2.4], Jbilet Winselwan [2.3–2.9], Murray [2.4/2.5], Maribo [2.4–2.6], Y-791198 [2.4–2.8], Banten [2.4–2.9], Murchison [2.4–2.9], Kivesvaara [2.5], NWA 10827 [2.6], QUE 97990 [2.6], EET 96029 [2.7, 2.3/2.4], LAP 04565 [~2.7], TIL 91722 [~2.7], NWA 11024 [~2.7; photo courtesy Sergey Vasiliev; article 1, 2], Paris [2.6–2.9 A/B; highly primitive; abs, article], A-12085 [2.8–3.0; highly primitive; abs 1, 2, article], A-12236 [2.9–3.0; highly primitive; abs 1, 2, article 1, 2], A-12169 [~3.0; most primitive; abs 1, 2, 3, article 1, 2, 3]) not yet classified by aqueous alteration subtype (e.g. Boriskino, GRO 95566 [CM-anom; abs, article], NWA 11118 [porous accretionary aggregate], Sayama [ox], NWA 12563 [C2-ung1; article])

CM6 (Murchison clast: Bischoff et al., 2018; Kerraouch et al., 2019; Lentfort et al., 2020 [photo])

CM melt phase (e.g. GRO 95574 clast [howardite])

CO

CO3 after Bonal et al. (2007) (e.g. DOM 08006 [3.00–3.01], ALHA77307 [3.03], Y-81020 [3.05], LAP 031117 [3.06–3.09], Colony [3.05], DaG 005 and pairs [3.1], MIL 090025 [3.1], Kainsaz [3.2], MIL 07099 and pairings [3.2], Felix [3.4], Lancé [3.4], Ornans [3.4], Moss [3.6], Warrenton [3.6], Isna [3.75])

CO3 subgroup with FeO-enriched and grossite-bearing CAIs (Simon and Grossman, 2015) (e.g. Acfer 094 [3.00], DOM 08004 and pairs [3.2])

CA3.2 (e.g. A-09003, A-09535 [poss pair to A-09003], Y-82094)

CR

CR1 see revised hydrothermal alteration sequence (CR2.0–CR2.8) below (after Harju et al., 2011, 2014, 2015):

CR2 (e.g. GRO 95577 [2.0], MIL 090292 [2.0-anom; article], Al Rais [2.3-anom], MIL 090001 [2.4], Renazzo [2.4], GRA 06100 [2.5], NWA 5028 [2.6], MIL 07513 [2.7], MIL 090657 [2.7 {3.0}], Acfer 097 and pairs [2.8], EET 87711 and pairs [2.8], LAP 02342 [2.8], MET 00426 [2.8 {3.0}], NWA 801 [2.8], Y-791498 [2.8], A-881828 [2.8], QUE 99177 [2.8 {3.0}; most pristine])

CR3 (e.g. DaG 1068 [abs], NWA 12474 [however, see abs])

CR melt phase (PCA 91082 clast [thermally metamorphosed; abs])

CB

CBa (e.g. Bencubbin, Fountain Hills, Gujba, MIL 05082 and pairs, AhS MS-181, Grapevine Mesa, NWA 1814, NWA 4025, Quebrada Chimborazo 001, Sierra Gorda 013 [V-rich sulfides], Weatherford)

CBb (e.g. HaH 237, MAC 02675, QUE 94411 and pairs)

TRANSITIONAL CH/CBb

CH/CBb (e.g. Isheyevo)

CH

CH3 (e.g. Acfer 182 and pairs, Acfer 366, ALH 85085, EET 96238, NWA 470, NWA 739, NWA 770, NWA 2210, NWA 4781, NWA 5130, NWA 14236, PAT 91546, PCA 91467, RKP 92435, SaU 290)

CR CLAN-RELATED

CR Clan-related (e.g. LEW 85332 [C3.0–3.1 w/ C1,2 clasts; poss duo w/ CR2 MIL 090001; abs 1, 2, article], LEW 86211/498 [metal-sulfide impact melt; abs, article], Tucson)

CI1 (e.g. Alais, Ivuna, Orgueil, Revelstoke, Tonk)

CI-like, meta Stage III (500–750°C; Nakamura, 2005; King et al., 2015) (e.g. Y-82162, Y-86029, Y-980115) [See CY CHONDRITES below]

CY1 (e.g. Y-82162 [C1/2-ung], Y-86029 [CI1], Y-86720 [C2.1/2.3-ung], Y-86789 [C2.1-ung], Y-980115 [CI1])

CY2 (e.g. Belgica 7904 [C2.7/2.8-ung], Dho 1988 [C2.2-ung])

Other Potential CY (e.g. A-881458 [CM2], Dho 225 [CM-anom or ung], Dho 735 [CM2], Dho 2066 [C-ung], EET 96010 [CM2], PCA 02012 [CM2.9], WIS 91600 [CM2.2/2.3 or CI; poss related to NWA 12563 {article}], Y-793321 [CM2.3/2.4]) CI-like, meta Stage III (500–750°C; Nakamura, 2005) (e.g. Y-86737 [CI1], Y-980134 [CI1])

C-ung (e.g. Adelaide [C2], AhS 91/91A, 202, and 671 [C1; poss source of asteroid 2008 TC3], Bells [C2; trans bet CM and CR; article], Bench Crater [C1], DaG 978 [C≥3.5], EET 83355 [C2; CO-like; abs], Essebi [C2; article], Flensburg [C1; article], HaH 073 [C4], "Hypatia" [ISM dust origin?; ref. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7], Kaidun [C; containing CR-, CI-, CM-, CV-, Meta-C-, O-, EH-, EL-, and aubrite-like clasts; photo], MAC 88107 [C3; abs], MAC 87300/1 [C2; CO-like; abs 1, 2, 3], MIL 07687 [C2], Mulga (west) [C5/6], NWA 978 [C3], NWA 994 [C3], NWA 1152 [C3/CV3-anom], NWA 6047 [C3ox or ung], NWA 6697 [C2], NWA 5958 [C2; similar to NWA 7821 {C2/CM2-anom}, NWA 11556, and others; abs], NWA 7891 [CV3-anom or ung], NWA 10923 [C1/2; photo courtesy P. Schmitt-Kopplin], NWA 11961 [C3; abs], NWA 13689 [C3.00; photo courtesy B. Hoefnagels; abs], Sah 00177 [C3.8/4; prob pair to Sah 00182], Tagish Lake [C2], Tarda [C2.2])

Meta-LL (e.g. NWA 5297 [poss BRA-rel or ung], NWA 7030 [anom])

Meta-L (e.g. NWA 6348)

Meta-H (e.g. NWA 2353, NWA 2635, NWA 4226 [H8; abs])

Meta-E (e.g. Zakłodzie)

Meta-CO (e.g. NWA 1839 [poss CV-related])

Meta-CV (e.g. NWA 3133 and pairs [see CV7 {CV8}], NWA 10503 ['CX' trend])

Meta-CK (e.g. NWA 8186 [see CK7 {CK8}])

Meta-CC-ung (e.g. NWA 2788 [originally proposed 'CT' parent body; photos, abstract, and isotopic plots 1 {ref}, 2 {ref}])